[Latest] How old is Gallium now?

Living Person

Gallium
is

As of April 16, 2026

151 years old
approximately!

* Calculated from Wikipedia data.
Accuracy is not guaranteed.

Gallium, ₃₁Ga

Gallium
Pronunciation	/ˈɡæliəm/ ​(GAL-ee-əm)
Appearance	silvery blue
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ga)
	69.723±0.001 69.723±0.001 (abridged)
Gallium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Al ↑ Ga ↓ In zinc ← gallium → germanium
Atomic number (Z)	31
Group	group 13 (boron group)
Period	period 4
Block	p-block
Electron configuration	[Ar] 3d 4s 4p
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 3
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	302.9146 K ​(29.7646 °C, ​85.5763 °F)
Boiling point	2676 K ​(2403 °C, ​4357 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	5.907 g/cm
when liquid (at m.p.)	6.095 g/cm
Heat of fusion	5.59 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	256 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.86 J/(mol·K)
Specific heat capacity	370.896 J/(kg·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1310 1448 1620 1838 2125 2518
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	common: +3 −5, −4, −3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.81
Ionization energies	1st: 578.8 kJ/mol 2nd: 1979.3 kJ/mol 3rd: 2963 kJ/mol (more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 135 pm
Covalent radius	122±3 pm
Van der Waals radius	187 pm
Spectral lines of gallium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​base-centered orthorhombic (oS8)
Lattice constants	a = 452.05 pm b = 766.25 pm c = 452.66 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	20.5×10/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	40.6 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	270 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	−21.6×10 cm/mol (at 290 K)
Young's modulus	9.8 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	2740 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio	0.47
Mohs hardness	1.5
Brinell hardness	56.8–68.7 MPa
CAS Number	7440-55-3
History
Naming	after Gallia (Latin for: France), homeland of the discoverer
Prediction	Dmitri Mendeleev (1871)
Discovery and first isolation	Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1875)
Isotopes of gallium v e
Main isotopes Decay Isotope abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct Ga synth 9.304 h β Zn Ga synth 3.2617 d ε Zn Ga synth 67.84 min β Zn Ga 60.1% stable Ga synth 21.14 min β Ge ε Zn Ga 39.9% stable Ga synth 14.025 h β Ge Ga synth 4.86 h β Ge
Category: Gallium view talk edit | references

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