Drowning
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Drowning is a type of suffocation induced by the submersion of the mouth and nose in a liquid. Submersion injury refers to both drowning and near-miss incidents. Most instances of fatal drowning occur alone or in situations where others present are either unaware of the victim's situation or unable to offer assistance. After successful resuscitation, drowning victims may experience breathing probl
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| Drowning | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Vasily Perov: The Drowned, 1867 | |
| Specialty | Emergency medicine, Critical care medicine |
| Symptoms | Event: Often occurs silently with a person found unconscious After rescue: Breathing problems, confusion, unconsciousness |
| Complications | Hypothermia, aspiration, acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| Usual onset | Rapid |
| Risk factors | Alcohol use, epilepsy, access to water, cold water shock, storms |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms |
| Differential diagnosis | Suicide, seizure, murder, hypoglycemia, heart arrhythmia |
| Prevention | Fencing pools, teaching children to swim, safe boating practices |
| Treatment | Rescue breathing, CPR, mechanical ventilation |
| Medication | Oxygen therapy, intravenous fluids, vasopressors |
| Frequency | 4.5 million (2015) |
| Deaths | 300,000 (2024) |
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